Which of the following best describes author's purpose?

The motivation behind what the author wants to convey effectively captures the essence of an author's purpose. This purpose refers to the underlying reason or goal an author has when creating a piece of writing, whether that is to inform, entertain, persuade, or express feelings. Understanding the author's purpose allows readers to interpret the text more deeply, recognizing the message the author aims to share or the reaction they hope to elicit from the audience. This comprehension enhances the reading experience, as it involves considering the context and intentions that shape the narrative or argument presented.

Other options, such as the literary techniques employed by the author, focus on how the work is constructed rather than why it was written. Similarly, an author's personal experiences may influence their writing but do not define the broader purpose behind it. Lastly, the opinions of critics about the author can provide insights into a text but do not reflect the author's intention or purpose in writing their work. Therefore, identifying the motivation behind the author’s message is central to understanding an author's purpose.